88uu thành phố Quảng Ngãi
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88uuIM-Worm.Win32.Funner
88uu Los virus y gusanos son programas maliciosos que se auto replican en computadoras o redes de computadoras sin que el usuario lo sepa; cada copia subsiguiente de dichos programas maliciosos también puede auto-replicarse. Los programas maliciosos que se propagan a través de redes o infectan máquinas remotas cuando el "propietario" les ordena hacerlo (p. Ej., Puertas traseras) o programas que crean copias múltiples que no pueden autorreplicarse no forman parte de la subclase Virus y gusanos. La principal característica utilizada para determinar si un programa está clasificado como un comportamiento separado dentro de la subclase Viruses and Worms es cómo se propaga el programa (es decir, cómo el programa malicioso distribuye copias de sí mismo a través de recursos locales o de red). como archivos enviados como archivos adjuntos de correo electrónico, a través de un enlace a un recurso web o FTP, a través de un enlace 88uu enviado en un mensaje ICQ o IRC, a través de redes de intercambio de archivos P2P, etc. Algunos gusanos se propagan como paquetes de red; estos penetran directamente en la memoria de la computadora y el código del gusano se activa. Los gusanos usan las siguientes técnicas para penetrar computadoras remotas y lanzar copias de sí mismos: ingeniería social (por ejemplo, un mensaje de correo electrónico que sugiere que el usuario abre un archivo adjunto), explotando errores de configuración de red (como copiar a un disco totalmente accesible) y explotando lagunas en el sistema operativo y la seguridad de las aplicaciones. Los virus se pueden dividir de acuerdo con el método utilizado para infectar una computadora: virus de archivos virus de sector de arranque virus de macros virus de script Cualquier programa dentro de esta subclase puede tener funciones de troyano adicionales. También se debe tener en cuenta que muchos gusanos usan más de un método para distribuir copias a través de redes. Las reglas para clasificar objetos detectados con funciones múltiples se deben usar para clasificar estos tipos de gusanos. Los gusanos de mensajería instantánea se propagan a través de sistemas de mensajería instantánea (como ICQ, MSN Messenger, AOL Instant Messeng……
88uuTratamiento endoscópico del reflujo vesicoureteral en el uréter previamente reimplantado： aspectos técnicos y resultados
MONOGRÁFICO: REFLUJO VESICOURETERAL Endoscopic treatment of vesicoureteral reflux in the previously reimplanted ureter: technical aspects and results Tratamiento endoscópico del reflujo vesicoureteral en el uréter previamente reimplantado: aspectos técnicos y resultadosNicola Capozza, Simona Nappo and Paolo Caione.Department of Pediatric Urology. Bambino Gesù. Childrens Hospital. Rome. Italy.Dirección para correspondenciaSUMMARY Objectives: To assess the feasibility and results of the endoscopic treatment of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) after a failed ureteral reimplantation. Methods: From January 1996 to October 2006, 28 patients underwent endoscopic treatment for VUR grade II to V persisting after open ureteral reimplantation. VUR was bilateral in 11 patients, for a total of 39 ureteral units (UU) treated. The endoscopic treatment was performed 1 to 7 years after surgery (average 2.5 years). Dextranomer/Hyaluronic acid Copolymer (Dx/HA) was used as injectable material. The amount of injected material ranged from 0.5 to 2.8 ml (average: 1.2 ml). Some technical refinements were required to increase the success of the procedures. Patients were followed up from 2.5 to 17 years. Voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) was performed at 6 months and MAG3 renal scan with voiding phase at 24 months. Results were compared with the outcome of the endoscopic treatment in patients treated by the same surgeons for primary VUR, matched for grade (control group). Results: All treatments were performed as one-day procedure. No complications were observed. Success was achieved in 22/28 patients (78.5%) and in 30/39 UU (76.9 %) after failed ureteral reimplantation. No significant difference in success rate was found from the control group (p= ns). Conclusions: Endoscopic treatment of VUR after a failed reimplantion can be a challenging procedure, for a skilled endoscopists. Nonetheless it can achieve successful results in a high percentage of patients with minimal morbidity and a minimal invasiveness; it should thus be recommended for these patients.Key words: Vesicoureteral reflux. Ureteral reimplantation. Endoscopic treatment. Dextranomer/hyaluronic acid copolymer.RESUMEN Objetivo: Eva……
